[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":417},["ShallowReactive",2],{"origami:post:en:design-rules-for-fdm-wall-thickness-holes-overhangs":3,"origami:site-settings:en":196,"origami:services:en":221,"origami:page:en:shared":286},{"id":4,"locale":5,"slug":6,"title":7,"seo":8,"excerpt":10,"cover":13,"author":18,"publishedAt":22,"updatedAt":22,"readingTimeMinutes":23,"featured":12,"category":24,"related":28,"body":91,"alternates":192,"noindexLocales":195},"25","en","design-rules-for-fdm-wall-thickness-holes-overhangs","Design rules for FDM: wall thickness, holes and overhangs",{"title":9,"description":10,"ogImage":11,"noindex":12},"Design rules for FDM: walls, holes and overhangs","Practical rules of thumb for walls, holes, clearances, overhangs and orientation that make FDM parts stronger, cheaper and easier to print.","\u002Fmedia\u002Fblog\u002Fdesign-rules-for-fdm-wall-thickness-holes-overhangs-og.jpg",false,{"url":14,"alt":15,"width":16,"height":17},"\u002Fmedia\u002Fblog\u002Fdesign-rules-for-fdm-wall-thickness-holes-overhangs-1200.webp","Close-up of a white 3D-printed part showing walls and curved channels",1200,675,{"name":19,"role":20,"avatar":21},"Origami team","Technical editor",null,"2026-10-22T08:00:00Z",5,{"id":25,"slug":26,"title":27},"7","design","Design",[29,48,70],{"id":30,"locale":5,"slug":31,"title":32,"seo":33,"alternates":37,"noindexLocales":40,"excerpt":35,"cover":41,"category":44,"author":45,"publishedAt":46,"updatedAt":46,"readingTimeMinutes":47,"featured":12},"24","how-to-prepare-a-file-for-fdm-3d-printing","How to prepare a file for FDM 3D printing: STL, STEP and 3MF",{"title":34,"description":35,"ogImage":36,"noindex":12},"Preparing a file for FDM 3D printing","Which file format to send, how to check units and scale, and what to fix in the model before it goes to the printer.","\u002Fmedia\u002Fblog\u002Fhow-to-prepare-a-file-for-fdm-3d-printing-og.jpg",{"az":38,"en":31,"ru":39},"fdm-3d-cap-ucun-fayl-hazirlamaq","kak-podgotovit-fayl-dlya-fdm-3d-pechati",[],{"url":42,"alt":43,"width":16,"height":17},"\u002Fmedia\u002Fblog\u002Fhow-to-prepare-a-file-for-fdm-3d-printing-1200.webp","Slicer software on a laptop next to a lattice-patterned 3D-printed part",{"id":25,"slug":26,"title":27},{"name":19,"role":20},"2026-10-25T08:00:00Z",4,{"id":49,"locale":5,"slug":50,"title":51,"seo":52,"alternates":56,"noindexLocales":59,"excerpt":54,"cover":60,"category":63,"author":67,"publishedAt":68,"updatedAt":68,"readingTimeMinutes":23,"featured":69},"22","pla-petg-abs-tpu-how-to-choose","PLA, PETG, ABS or TPU: how to choose the right material",{"title":53,"description":54,"ogImage":55,"noindex":12},"PLA, PETG, ABS or TPU: choosing a material","A practical comparison of the four materials we mainly print with: strength, heat resistance, flexibility and typical uses.","\u002Fmedia\u002Fblog\u002Fpla-petg-abs-tpu-how-to-choose-og.jpg",{"az":57,"en":50,"ru":58},"pla-petg-abs-tpu-hansini-secmeli","pla-petg-abs-tpu-kak-vybrat-material",[],{"url":61,"alt":62,"width":16,"height":17},"\u002Fmedia\u002Fblog\u002Fpla-petg-abs-tpu-how-to-choose-1200.webp","Orange and green filament spools on a printer spool holder",{"id":64,"slug":65,"title":66},"6","materials","Materials",{"name":19,"role":20},"2026-10-28T08:00:00Z",true,{"id":71,"locale":5,"slug":72,"title":73,"seo":74,"alternates":78,"noindexLocales":81,"excerpt":76,"cover":82,"category":85,"author":89,"publishedAt":90,"updatedAt":90,"readingTimeMinutes":47,"featured":12},"27","how-to-accept-a-batch-of-printed-parts","How to accept a batch of printed parts: an inspection checklist",{"title":75,"description":76,"ogImage":77,"noindex":12},"Inspection checklist for printed parts","What to agree before printing, how to check dimensions, fit and appearance on delivery, and what to record for your files.","\u002Fmedia\u002Fblog\u002Fhow-to-accept-a-batch-of-printed-parts-og.jpg",{"az":79,"en":72,"ru":80},"cap-olunmus-detallar-partiyasini-nece-qebul-etmeli","kak-prinyat-partiyu-napechatannyh-detaley",[],{"url":83,"alt":84,"width":16,"height":17},"\u002Fmedia\u002Fblog\u002Fhow-to-accept-a-batch-of-printed-parts-1200.webp","Hands measuring a small part with a vernier caliper",{"id":86,"slug":87,"title":88},"8","buyer-guides","Buyer guides",{"name":19,"role":20},"2026-10-23T08:00:00Z",[92,95,123,127,129,132,134,137,139,142,144,147,149,152,154,157,159,162,164,167,169,172,174,176,179,188,190],{"type":93,"text":94},"paragraph","A few design habits make FDM parts stronger, cheaper and easier to print. The figures in this guide are rules of thumb for a typical 0.4 mm nozzle. They are starting points, and a test print confirms them for your part and material.",{"type":96,"caption":97,"columns":98,"rows":101},"table","Rules of thumb for FDM design",[99,100],"Feature","Rule of thumb",[102,105,108,111,114,117,120],[103,104],"Wall thickness","At least two nozzle widths: about 0.8-1.2 mm",[106,107],"Functional walls","About 1.6-2.4 mm, thicker where loaded",[109,110],"Holes","Print slightly small: add about 0.1-0.3 mm",[112,113],"Clearance for mating or moving parts","About 0.3-0.5 mm",[115,116],"Overhangs","Self-supporting up to about 45 degrees",[118,119],"Inside corners","Fillet of 1 mm or more",[121,122],"Text and small features","Strokes of about 1 mm or more",{"type":124,"level":125,"id":126,"text":103},"heading",2,"wall-thickness",{"type":93,"text":128},"A wall made of a single line of plastic is fragile. Plan walls at least two nozzle widths thick, which is about 0.8-1.2 mm with a 0.4 mm nozzle. For walls with a function, such as holding a screw or a clip, 1.6-2.4 mm is a better starting point, and loaded areas should be thicker still.",{"type":124,"level":125,"id":130,"text":131},"holes-and-clearances","Holes and clearances",{"type":93,"text":133},"Printed holes come out slightly smaller than designed, so add about 0.1-0.3 mm to the diameter when a bolt or pin has to pass through. For two parts that fit together or move against each other, leave a gap of about 0.3-0.5 mm. Confirm with a test fit before you print the whole batch, because the exact value depends on the printer and the material.",{"type":124,"level":125,"id":135,"text":136},"overhangs-and-supports","Overhangs and supports",{"type":93,"text":138},"Slopes up to about 45 degrees print without help. A flat overhang needs support, which costs time and leaves marks where it is removed. Replace it with a chamfer, or turn the part so that the problem face points upward. Designing a part that needs no supports is the most reliable way to reduce both cost and surface marks.",{"type":124,"level":125,"id":140,"text":141},"orientation-and-strength","Orientation and strength",{"type":93,"text":143},"Plan the load along the layers, not across them, because the bond between layers is the weakest part of the structure. A long part that carries a bending load can be split in two and joined, or printed in another orientation. Our article on [how FDM works](\u002Fblog\u002Ffdm-3d-printing-explained) explains why layers behave this way.",{"type":124,"level":125,"id":145,"text":146},"corners-and-fillets","Corners and fillets",{"type":93,"text":148},"Sharp inside corners concentrate stress, and that is where printed parts usually crack. A fillet of 1 mm or more spreads the load and makes the part noticeably tougher at no extra cost.",{"type":124,"level":125,"id":150,"text":151},"small-features-and-text","Small features and text",{"type":93,"text":153},"A feature narrower than the nozzle line will not print. Raised or engraved text needs strokes of about 1 mm or more to be readable, and a bold, simple font works best. If a detail is smaller than that, make it larger, or add it later by painting or marking.",{"type":124,"level":125,"id":155,"text":156},"threads-and-inserts","Threads and inserts",{"type":93,"text":158},"Printed threads work for M6 and larger and for parts that are screwed together only a few times. For smaller screws or repeated assembly, heat-set brass inserts give a much stronger thread, and the hole for the insert is easy to design.",{"type":124,"level":125,"id":160,"text":161},"example-redesign","Example: improving a simple bracket",{"type":93,"text":163},"Take a bracket with 0.8 mm walls, a sharp inside corner, a flat overhang under the arm and an 8.0 mm hole for a pin. Thicken the walls to 2 mm where the screw sits, add a 1 mm fillet to the corner, replace the flat overhang by a 45 degree chamfer and open the hole to 8.2 mm. None of these changes alters the function, yet the bracket becomes stronger, needs no supports and fits the pin on the first try.",{"type":124,"level":125,"id":165,"text":166},"test-prints","Use small test prints",{"type":93,"text":168},"When a fit matters, print a small coupon first: a short strip with a few holes of different diameters and a pair of mating pieces with different gaps. It takes a fraction of the time of the real part and tells you the exact allowance for your printer and material.",{"type":124,"level":125,"id":170,"text":171},"design-for-assembly","Designing for assembly and repair",{"type":93,"text":173},"Printed parts are often one piece of a larger assembly, so it pays to think about how they go together. Add small alignment features such as pins and recesses so that parts find their position by themselves. Split a complex part into two simple ones if that removes supports or lets you print each piece in its best orientation.",{"type":93,"text":175},"If you use a snap fit, remember that the arm is weakest when it is printed standing upright, because it then bends across the layers; print it flat on the bed or on its side so that it bends along the layers, and that PETG and ABS survive repeated bending better than PLA. Design the part so that a worn or broken piece can be replaced without throwing away the whole assembly.",{"type":124,"level":125,"id":177,"text":178},"checklist","Checklist before you send the file",{"type":180,"ordered":12,"items":181},"list",[182,183,184,185,186,187],"Walls are at least 0.8-1.2 mm, and thicker where loaded.","Holes have an allowance, and mating parts have a clearance.","Overhangs are below about 45 degrees or replaced by chamfers.","The load runs along the layers.","Inside corners are rounded.","Small features and text are large enough.",{"type":93,"text":189},"When the model is ready, [prepare the file](\u002Fblog\u002Fhow-to-prepare-a-file-for-fdm-3d-printing) and [send it to us](\u002Fcontact). We review it for printing before we start and tell you if something should change.",{"type":93,"text":191},"Cover photo: [Spencer Liao](https:\u002F\u002Funsplash.com\u002F@spencerliao) on [Unsplash](https:\u002F\u002Funsplash.com\u002Fphotos\u002Fe2g_IfbTHbI).",{"az":193,"en":6,"ru":194},"fdm-dizayn-qaydalari-divar-qalinligi-delikler-cixintilar","pravila-proektirovaniya-dlya-fdm-stenki-otverstiya-navisaniya",[],{"locale":5,"siteName":197,"tagline":198,"contact":199,"social":202,"stats":203,"seo":212,"analytics":216,"titleSuffix":218,"organization":219},"Origami 3D Print Studio","From file to form. Precision 3D printing for industry and government.",{"email":200,"phone":201,"whatsapp":201},"hello@origami.az","+994552089300",[],[204,207,210],{"value":205,"label":206},"4","materials: PLA, PETG, ABS, TPU",{"value":208,"label":209},"FDM","our printing technology",{"value":205,"label":211},"file formats: STL, STEP, 3MF, OBJ",{"title":213,"description":214,"ogImage":215,"noindex":12},"Origami: precision 3D printing for industry and government","Origami is a 3D print studio for industry and government clients. Rapid prototyping, small-batch production and functional parts, from file to form.","\u002Fmedia\u002F0aabc350184d.jpg",{"gaMeasurementId":217},"G-N3JRD9TLMJ","Origami",{"legalName":197,"logoUrl":220},"\u002Fmedia\u002Ff2bac61d82c2.png",[222,236,249,262,274],{"id":205,"locale":5,"slug":223,"title":224,"seo":225,"alternates":228,"noindexLocales":231,"order":232,"summary":233,"technologies":234},"rapid-prototyping","Rapid prototyping, in days not weeks",{"title":21,"description":226,"ogImage":227,"noindex":12},"Send a file and get a functional prototype within a few working days. Precision 3D printing from Origami for industry and government.","\u002Fmedia\u002Fprojects\u002Fprecision-parts-inspection-og.jpg",{"az":229,"en":223,"ru":230},"suretli-prototipleme","bystroe-prototipirovanie",[],1,"Send a file and get a functional prototype within a few working days.",[235],"fdm",{"id":237,"locale":5,"slug":238,"title":239,"seo":240,"alternates":243,"noindexLocales":246,"order":125,"summary":247,"technologies":248},"5","small-batch-production","Small-batch production",{"title":21,"description":241,"ogImage":242,"noindex":12},"Repeatable batches of parts, from 10 to 500, with no tooling cost. Precision 3D printing from Origami for industry and government.","\u002Fmedia\u002Fprojects\u002Frepeat-batch-printed-parts-og.jpg",{"az":244,"en":238,"ru":245},"kicik-partiyali-istehsal","melkoseriynoe-proizvodstvo",[],"Repeatable batches of parts, from 10 to 500, with no tooling cost.",[235],{"id":64,"locale":5,"slug":250,"title":251,"seo":252,"alternates":255,"noindexLocales":258,"order":259,"summary":260,"technologies":261},"functional-parts","Functional parts",{"title":21,"description":253,"ogImage":254,"noindex":12},"Engineering parts that withstand load, heat and wear. Precision 3D printing from Origami for industry and government.","\u002Fmedia\u002Fprojects\u002Findustrial-parts-set-og.jpg",{"az":256,"en":250,"ru":257},"funksional-detallar","funkcionalnye-detali",[],3,"Engineering parts that withstand load, heat and wear.",[235],{"id":25,"locale":5,"slug":263,"title":264,"seo":265,"alternates":268,"noindexLocales":271,"order":47,"summary":272,"technologies":273},"design-for-printing","Design for printing",{"title":21,"description":266,"ogImage":267,"noindex":12},"We adapt your part to 3D printing: lighter, stronger and cheaper. Precision 3D printing from Origami for industry and government.","\u002Fmedia\u002Fprojects\u002Fcad-to-printed-part-og.jpg",{"az":269,"en":263,"ru":270},"cap-ucun-dizayn","proektirovanie-dlya-pechati",[],"We adapt your part to 3D printing: lighter, stronger and cheaper.",[235],{"id":86,"locale":5,"slug":275,"title":276,"seo":277,"alternates":280,"noindexLocales":283,"order":23,"summary":284,"technologies":285},"post-processing","Post-processing",{"title":21,"description":278,"ogImage":279,"noindex":12},"Sanding, painting and assembly so the part is ready to hand over. Precision 3D printing from Origami for industry and government.","\u002Fmedia\u002Fprojects\u002Farchitectural-capital-replicas-og.jpg",{"az":281,"en":275,"ru":282},"son-emal","postobrabotka",[],"Sanding, painting and assembly so the part is ready to hand over.",[235],{"key":287,"locale":5,"title":21,"eyebrow":21,"lead":21,"seo":288,"sections":289,"updatedAt":416},"shared",{"title":21,"description":21,"ogImage":21,"noindex":12},[290,313,343,410],{"key":291,"type":292,"eyebrow":293,"title":294,"text":21,"body":295,"items":296,"link":21},"process","cards","How it works","Layer by layer, step by step.",[],[297,301,305,309],{"key":298,"title":299,"text":300,"label":21,"link":21},"step-1","Send your file","STL, STEP or a sketch. We review it and prepare a quote.",{"key":302,"title":303,"text":304,"label":21,"link":21},"step-2","Get a quote","Clear price, material advice and a fixed delivery date.",{"key":306,"title":307,"text":308,"label":21,"link":21},"step-3","We print","Your parts are printed with FDM. Post-processing on request.",{"key":310,"title":311,"text":312,"label":21,"link":21},"step-4","Inspect and ship","Quality check against your drawing, then delivery to your door.",{"key":65,"type":292,"eyebrow":66,"title":314,"text":21,"body":315,"items":316,"link":21},"The right material for the right part.",[],[317,325,331,337],{"key":318,"title":319,"text":320,"label":321,"link":322},"pla","PLA: prototypes and models","Easy to print, rigid and accurate. Good for prototypes, fit checks, models and indoor parts. Not for heat or long outdoor use.","PLA",{"label":323,"href":324},"See all materials","\u002Fmaterials",{"key":326,"title":327,"text":328,"label":329,"link":330},"petg","PETG: tough everyday parts","Tougher than PLA, with better chemical and moisture resistance. A good default for fixtures, guides, trays and housings.","PETG",{"label":323,"href":324},{"key":332,"title":333,"text":334,"label":335,"link":336},"abs","ABS: heat-resistant parts","Withstands more heat than PLA or PETG and can be sanded and painted. Used for enclosures and interior parts.","ABS",{"label":323,"href":324},{"key":338,"title":339,"text":340,"label":341,"link":342},"tpu","TPU: flexible parts","A rubber-like, flexible material for gaskets, grips, bumpers and vibration dampers.","TPU",{"label":323,"href":324},{"key":344,"type":345,"eyebrow":21,"title":21,"text":21,"body":346,"items":347,"link":21},"topics","chips",[],[348,353,357,361,366,369,374,377,382,385,390,395,400,405],{"key":349,"title":350,"text":21,"label":21,"link":351},"services","3D printing services in Baku",{"label":350,"href":352},"\u002Fservices",{"key":223,"title":354,"text":21,"label":21,"link":355},"Rapid prototyping",{"label":354,"href":356},"\u002Fservices\u002Frapid-prototyping",{"key":358,"title":239,"text":21,"label":21,"link":359},"small-batch",{"label":239,"href":360},"\u002Fservices\u002Fsmall-batch-production",{"key":362,"title":363,"text":21,"label":21,"link":364},"no-moulds","Production without moulds",{"label":363,"href":365},"\u002Fblog\u002F3d-printing-vs-injection-moulding-small-batches",{"key":250,"title":251,"text":21,"label":21,"link":367},{"label":251,"href":368},"\u002Fservices\u002Ffunctional-parts",{"key":370,"title":371,"text":21,"label":21,"link":372},"fixtures","Assembly fixtures",{"label":371,"href":373},"\u002Fwork\u002Fassembly-fixtures",{"key":26,"title":264,"text":21,"label":21,"link":375},{"label":264,"href":376},"\u002Fservices\u002Fdesign-for-printing",{"key":378,"title":379,"text":21,"label":21,"link":380},"finishing","Sanding and painting",{"label":379,"href":381},"\u002Fservices\u002Fpost-processing",{"key":65,"title":383,"text":21,"label":21,"link":384},"PLA, PETG, ABS and TPU printing",{"label":383,"href":324},{"key":386,"title":387,"text":21,"label":21,"link":388},"choose-material","How to choose a material",{"label":387,"href":389},"\u002Fblog\u002Fpla-petg-abs-tpu-how-to-choose",{"key":391,"title":392,"text":21,"label":21,"link":393},"projects","Industrial 3D printing projects",{"label":392,"href":394},"\u002Fwork",{"key":396,"title":397,"text":21,"label":21,"link":398},"tenders","3D printing for tenders",{"label":397,"href":399},"\u002Findustries",{"key":401,"title":402,"text":21,"label":21,"link":403},"stl","Printing from an STL file",{"label":402,"href":404},"\u002Fblog\u002Fhow-to-prepare-a-file-for-fdm-3d-printing",{"key":406,"title":407,"text":21,"label":21,"link":408},"price","3D printing price",{"label":407,"href":409},"\u002Fblog\u002Fhow-to-request-a-3d-printing-quote",{"key":411,"type":124,"eyebrow":21,"title":412,"text":413,"body":414,"items":415,"link":21},"newsletter","Stay in the loop","Occasional notes on 3D printing for buyers and engineers.",[],[],"2026-10-29T00:00:00Z",1793296711534]